Cast Iron vs. Chitsulo: Kodi Ubwino Wake ndi Kuyipa Kwawo Ndi Chiyani?

Zonse zitsulo ndi zitsulo zotayidwa ndi zitsulo zotchuka, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana kwambiri.Chofunikira chomwe chimasiyanitsa chimodzi ndi chimzake ndi kuchuluka kwa kaboni iliyonse, komanso pang'ono, kuchuluka kwa silicon.Ngakhale kuti izi zingawoneke ngati zosiyana, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa katundu ndi ntchito zachitsulo ndi chitsulo.
Cast Iron: Ubwino ndi Ntchito

Monga chitsulo, chitsulo chosungunuka ndi aloyi yochokera ku chitsulo.Komabe, kuti ziwoneke ngati chitsulo choponyedwa, chitsulocho chiyenera kukhala ndi 2-4% ya carbon ndi 1-3% ya silicon yolemera.Chemistry iyi imapereka chitsulo chosungunuka ndi zinthu zingapo zothandiza:

Chitsulo choponyedwa chikhoza kugawidwanso kukhala chitsulo chotuwa, chitsulo choyera, chitsulo cha ductile, ndi chitsulo chosungunuka.Mtundu uliwonse umayang'ana pa kukonza zinthu zina kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito, monga kuuma kwambiri muchitsulo choyera.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kumafika ponseponse, koma apa pali ntchito zina zodziwika bwino:

Ponyani zitsulo zokazinga ndi zophikira zina
Injini zamagalimoto zimatchingira, ma brake disks, ndi zina zambiri
Zipata za mpanda wokhalamo, mizati yokongoletsera, zopangira moto, ndi zida zina
Mavavu, zopangira, ndi zotsekera m'mabowo m'madzi ndi zotayira
Unyolo, magiya, ma shafts, maulalo, ndi zina Zitsulo: Ubwino ndi Ntchito
Chitsulo: Ubwino ndi Ntchito

Mofanana ndi chitsulo chosungunula, zitsulo zimakhala ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi chitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi magulu angapo osiyana.Zitsulo zonse zimakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira 2% polemera ndipo zimatha kugawidwa kukhala chitsulo cha carbon kapena alloy steel.

Atha kugawidwanso kukhala zitsulo zotsika kaboni, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zazitsulo, zitsulo za microalloyed, ndi zina.Ngakhale izi zitha kukupatsani zabwino zambiri, monga mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana dzimbiri kuchokera kuzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, nkhaniyi ifotokoza kwambiri zazitsulo zotayidwa ngati zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi ASTM A148.

Popeza chitsulo chosungunuka ndi chokwera mtengo kuposa chitsulo chosungunuka, ubwino wake waukulu kuposa chitsulo chosungunuka ndi:

Mphamvu Yamphamvu - Kutengera ndi aloyi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chitsulo chosungunuka chikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chosungunuka.
Kulimba / Kukhazikika - Pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu, chitsulo chikhoza kusokoneza (kanthawi kapena kosatha) popanda kusweka.Ngakhale kuti izi zingatanthauze kuuma pang'ono muzogwiritsira ntchito zina, zimachepetsa mwayi wosweka ndipo zimatanthauza kukhudzidwa kwabwinoko.
Weldability - Kutengera ndi aloyi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chitsulo chimapereka mwayi wowotcherera, pomwe chitsulo chosungunula chimakhala chovuta kuwotcherera popanda kusweka.
Ngakhale kupanga, kugubuduza, ndi kuponyera zonse ndizotheka pazinthu zachitsulo, ntchito zina zazikulu zomwe zimayang'ana pazitsulo zotayidwa ndi:

Mawilo amagalimoto a njanji, mafelemu, ndi ma bolster
Makina opangira migodi, zida zomangira, ndi magalimoto olemera
Mapampu olemetsa, ma valve, ndi zolumikizira
Turbocharger, midadada ya injini, ndi zida zina zamagalimoto
Ma turbines ndi zigawo zina mumisonkhano yama station station

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi chitsulo:
Chitsulo chotayira ndichosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo pamakina kuposa chitsulo choponyedwa, koma ma machinability amasiyanasiyana pakati pa ma aloyi.Chifukwa chake ngati mukupanga chinthu chomwe chimafunikira machining aatali, kungakhale koyenera kuwunikanso ma aloyi omwe alipo kuti mupeze imodzi yokhala ndi makina abwinoko.

Koma ngakhale mutakhala ochepa kuzinthu zovuta kwambiri, malo ogulitsira makina odziwa bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi amatha kuchepetsa nthawi yopangira makina kuti mupulumutse pamitengo yamakina.Tiyeni tipereke ntchito zamakina mwachangu, zodalirika pazida zosiyanasiyana zamakampani anu ndi mitundu yazogulitsa.